James5

Aids Relief and Moral Myopia by Travis Kavulla is definitely worth a read for anyone interested in the intersection between ‘Western development’ and local cultures.

Kavulla articles addresses how and why current Western approaches to AIDS aren’t working in Africa due to differing cultural approaches to problem solving.

Whereas in the West we have dealt with AIDS with primarily technical solutions like condoms and ARVs (which have worked!), Kavulla writes that we can’t just transplant to Africa and expect good results, as it fails to take into account the non-Western approach to problems which involves more than just material/technical solutions.

He argues that we need to understand the role spirituality plays in African societies to be able to really tackle AIDS, and that we need to be willing to advocate the altering of behaviour rather then just rely on ’scientific’ or technical solutions to problems.

Some good quotes:

The lesson the public-health community derived from this experience was that widespread sex and drug use is an immutable fact of life. In this light, the main task of the public-health community was and is to give risky behaviors an appliqué of safety, not to seek to alter behavior fundamentally, lest stigma and alienation result. This attitude is rigorously enforced today in such circles; at the 2007 worldwide conference on AIDS in Mexico City, a number of scientists emphasizing behavioral change over condom use were actually shouted down. …

Go to any district hospital in Africa today, and you will find two clinics: one for AIDS—built, funded, and perhaps even staffed by the donor community—and the other for everything else, supported by whatever invariably cash-strapped and corrupt government presides. Bruce Dahlman notes, “Medical officers in either clinic will be seeing the same conditions, because those HIV patients come in with colds and flus and everything else, but they’ll be treated as a separate category because of their status.” So, in addition to the prospect of being medicated for life, Africans who develop AIDS and need intensive treatment become taboo figures—the lepers of this century, you might say, though exquisitely looked after by comparison, much to the resentment of those who must make do with regular health care.

It’s a great read to see how important our cultural blinders can be when trying to ‘help’ others.

There is an obvious danger of condescension and hypocrisy in “telling Africans to abstain and be faithful”, but I think Travulla’s argument is more nuanced then this sort of paternalism. It recognises that for an approach to work it needs to be rooted in the local culture and make sense to the people its designed to help. And I think all to often Western assistance fails because it just doesn’t make sense outside of the donor country.

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Slacktivist has a great post on the ludicrous views espoused and believed by some Christians in the USA. Their obsession with the all-powerful UN would be almost laughable if they weren’t so influential in stymying the development of international law. I particularly find it amusing how they like encouraging some ‘end times signs’ (eg. encouraging war in the Middle East) but then try the best to ‘limit the powers’ of the UN over the US. If they really thought one world government was a precursor to the end, and the UN was the route to that government, surely they’d be the biggest proponents of regional co-operation, merging of currencies etc?

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David Opderbeck takes a look at Christianity and the Law, a new book examining the links between religion and western jurisprudence, over at Concurring Opinions. The discussion over early conceptions of contracts is quite interesting – originally the contract was seen as a promise that created an obligation to God and the Courts were there to ensure the salvation of souls by enforcing those obligations to the extent they were just.

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Meaningfulness of Little Things has another great post on religion and development. Take a look through the archives for some more good reading. As many development experts come from anthropology, sociology, economics backgrounds, it can be easy for them to not understand what religion is all about. A secular university subject on the anthropology of religion won’t prepare someone for the how and why’s of religion in the real world. Tip: it’s more than just about building a community, helping the poor or preserving power…

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Uwem Akpan has had a series of stories published in the New Yorker, all of the much worth a read. This one on a couple of street kids and communion, real stood out for me. Fear gripped my heart—fear that some churchwarden would be incensed by their sacrilege and, as in the church of my youth, drag them outside by the ear; fear that the priest would deny them at the last moment; fear that I might never risk as much for the Body of Christ.

Popularity: 4% [?]